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The History of Chinese Writing Symbols

Chinese writing symbols have existed for over four thousands of years and is probably ...


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Chinese Writing Symbols' History


Chinese symbols have existed for over four thousands of years and is probably one of the oldest surviving symbolic writing systems in history. It is widely estimated that the first Chinese symbol character came out about 4,000 years ago.

Chinese writings As a complete writing system, Chinese writing symbols have exerted a tremendous influence on the formation of Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese writing systems.

Chinese symbols?formation do not consist of any letters or spelling rules. Each symbol is written in a square shaped area. Chinese written words are made up of multiple parts put together so as to maintain a uniform size and shape ?this is the case especially with characters written in the standard Chinese style. This feature makes people sometimes call Chinese symbols or characters "Fang Kuai Ji" (方塊字), which means "Square-Block Characters".

Chinese symbol writing has evolved over thousands of years' to become what it is today. It has gone through many different periods; each generates different version of Chinese symbol writing.

The different versions of Chinese symbol writing are shown as follows based on different historical periods:


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1. Jia Gu Wen - The Very Original Chinese Writing Symbols


Chinese symbols - Jia Gu Wen It was believed that Chinese words were completed in a systematic form about 3500 years ago, when archaeological researchers discovered the inscriptions on bones or tortoise shells of the Chinese Shang Dynasty (16th-11th century B. C.).

These inscriptions were normally regarded as the original source of modern Chinese words. Chinese people call these inscriptions "Jar Gu Wen" 甲骨文, which means "words on the tortoise shells and animal bones".

ancient Chinese symbols The picture given above shows Chinese symbol characters written on the Tortoise shell while the picture given below shows how Chinese words were inscribed on animal bones.

These words were inscribed on ox bones according to the archaeological evidence and depicted an event of how an ancient Chinese clan leader rewarded his clan men. All the symbols were well structured and very decorative and were estimated to have been in existence over 3,300 years.
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2. The Bronze Inscriptions (Jin Wen)


ancient Chinese symbolsYears ago, there were another type of ancient Chinese characters discovered at an archaeological site, which could be dated back to Chinese West Zhou Dynasty, about 3000 years ago. This style of Chinese ancient writings called "Jin Wen" (金文).

ancient Chinese symbol - the bronze inscriptions (Jin Wen)Literally, 金文 means "the Gold Scripts". Gold in Chinese sometimes means "metal", so "the gold scripts" also mean "the scripts inscribed on metal materials".

As during those days (West Zhou Dynasty), the most popular metal materials in Chinese society were bronze, so sometimes people also called "the gold scripts" as "the Bronze Inscriptions".

Although it came out roughly the same time as Jia Gu Wen, there was no evidence that "The Bronze Inscriptions (Jin Wen)" were evolved from "Jia Gu Wen - the inscriptions on bones or tortoise shells". Read more




3. The Big Seal Scripts


Chinese symbol - big seal character (大篆) Big Seal Scripts is a specific style of ancient Chinese writing symbols, often used in the traditional artistic seals. It has evolved organically from the bronze inscription hundreds of years after the bronze script's existence.

As a written script, "the seal scripts" actually divided into two versions: the big seal scripts and the small seal scripts.

The big seal scripts is called "Dar Juan" 大篆. The kind of written script looks neat and tidy. Its structures and writing style stressed the importance of symmetry of each symbol. So strokes of each symbol character of "the big seal scripts" were well proportioned and balanced. Read more




4. The Small Seal Scripts


Chinese Symbols - The Small Seal Scripts In comparison with Big Seal Scripts, this "Small Seal Scripts" was relatively "new". It has evolved from the Big Seal scripts and some of these scripts were still shown in today's Chinese calligraphy. It is the earliest Chinese written script still used in today's Chinese symbol writings .

About 2500 years ago, there was a big dynasty established in China. The emperor was called "Qin Shi Huang" (秦始皇), which means the "First Emperor".

He was an absolute dictator in Chinese history and mobilized the whole country to build the Great Wall of China and set up terracotta soldiers, which have become the most visited Chinese tourist attractions. Under his rule, he started to unify and standardize different Chinese writing symbols into one version: "the small seal scripts".

The small seal script is considered as an embryonic form of modern Chinese writing symbols. Read more




5. The Clerical Scripts


Chinese symbols - the clerical scripts This is another ancient Chinese writing style evolved from "small seal character" called Li Shu, which means the Clerical Script. Qin Dynasty's tyrannical rule only lasted about 15 years and finally was overturned by riots.

The New dynasty after Qin is called Han and it also can be called Kan.

Chinese symbols - the clerical scripts They set up the new writing version: The clerical script (隸書) "Li Su" can be translated as "the official script of Chinese character Symbols". This styled script was a simplified version of "Small Seal Character".

Its symbol structure has been simplified. So its strokes were more clearly lined up and character signs were easier to recognize. This was one of the standard scripts of Chinese handwriting used today, especially in Taiwan and Hong Kong region.
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6. The Standard Scripts


Chinese symbols - the standard scripts After another couple of hundred of years' evolution, the regular script of Chinese writing symbols finally was formed. This version was normally viewed as a standardized traditional version of Chinese character symbols and was mainly used in Hong Kong and Taiwan areas. Most symbol advertisings seen in China town are also written in this version.

Standard Chinese writing symbols It looked slightly different from symbols of the clerical script's version. In comparison with "the clerical scripts", its symbol structure is not so flat, and its symbol structure looks harder. The standard scripts were written in good order and structures were well regulated.
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7. The Cursive Script


Chinese Symbols - The Cursive Scripts The cursive script in Chinese is called "Cao Shu" (草书), which means characters executed swiftly with strokes flowing together. It is a rapid cursive style of writing; It originated from Han dynasty and created based on Lee Shu, the ancient official script's writing structure.

Chinese Symbols - The Cursive Scripts

"Cao Shu" style made its first appearance in Kan Dynasty about 1500 years ago and was fully established to the form it looks today in Tang Dynasty, which was about 1000 years ago. It took over 500 years to finalize its writing style. "Cao Shu" style looks bold, flowing and powerful. Many people called it as a writing style of "the great movement".
Read more





8. The Semi-Cursive Script


Chinese Symbols - The Semi-Cursive Scripts The semi-cursive script (行书) does not look as regular as the regular script does as it also does not look as bold as the cursive script should look like.

sample of The Semi-Cursive ScriptsIts structure is half orderly and half improvised.

A good handwriting of the semi-curve script can show you the passion and romantic flavor of the Chinese writing symbol.

The picture on the right side is the best sample of semi-cursive scripts written by one of the best Chinese calligraphic artists Xizhi Wang (王羲之). Read more




Article/Jenson Zhu
10/12/2007



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